Unfortunately, this advantage no longer exists when the non-Li-containing raw materials are taken into account. From this perspective, chloride solid electrolytes seem quite promising in terms of cost-effectiveness. In contrast, the price of LiCl is only $5.88/kg, much lower than all the Li-containing raw materials mentioned above. According to such cost analysis, Li 2S and Li 2O are both quite expensive for certain oxide solid electrolytes this cost can be greatly alleviated by using alternate Li-containing raw materials like Li 2CO 3, LiNO 3, LiOH, or their hydrates 18, 19, 20, which could be as cheap as $10.73/kg, whereas the Li 2S with a high price of $654.18/kg seems irreplaceable for nearly all the sulfide solid electrolytes. 17, we calculated and compared the bulk prices of Li-containing compounds needed to synthesize sulfide, oxide, and chloride solid electrolytes (Supplementary Table 1) the laboratory-scale prices used to infer these bulk prices are also specified in Supplementary Table 2. Unlike sulfide and oxide solid electrolytes, the major materials cost of chloride systems does not lie in the raw materials that contribute Li, but in the non-Li-containing ones. Nevertheless, for all the chloride solid electrolytes reported so far, the cost of raw materials is still too high to allow for an efficient industrial application. The rare combination of these appealing characteristics rapidly attracted intensive research interest 8. With Cl being more electronegative than S 14, 15, the oxidation potential of chlorides is generally much higher (comparable to oxides) 16, leading to an excellent compatibility with 4V-class cathodes 7, 8. They are ionically conductive and easily deformable like sulfides, but in the meanwhile are not plagued by the poor oxidative stability of sulfides 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. Recently, chloride superionic conductors were raised as an additional class of promising solid electrolytes 7, 8. Identifying an appropriate solid electrolyte is crucial for enabling the safe, energy-dense all-solid-state Li batteries 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. By combining Li 2ZrCl 6 with the Li-In anode and the single-crystal LiNi 0.8Mn 0.1Co 0.1O 2 cathode, we report a room-temperature all-solid-state cell with a stable specific capacity of about 150 mAh g –1 for 200 cycles at 200 mA g –1. Moreover, Li 2ZrCl 6 demonstrates a humidity tolerance with no sign of moisture uptake or conductivity degradation after exposure to an atmosphere with 5% relative humidity.

Its raw materials are several orders of magnitude cheaper than those for the state-of-the-art chloride solid electrolytes, but high ionic conductivity (0.81 mS cm –1 at room temperature), deformability, and compatibility with 4V-class cathodes are still simultaneously achieved in Li 2ZrCl 6.

Here, a cost-effective chloride solid electrolyte, Li 2ZrCl 6, is reported. However, the raw materials are expensive, and large-scale use of this class of inorganic superionic conductors seems unlikely. I wonder if this film had been more successful, would Hollywood cinema have progressed differently in any way? From WWII and onwards have villains in films always had vague “European” accents that bring back thoughts of these anti-Nazi propaganda films, immediately associating the villains “European” accent with that of a German one.Li-ion-conducting chloride solid electrolytes receive considerable attention due to their physicochemical characteristics such as high ionic conductivity, deformability and oxidative stability. This, and also the brief appearances of Heydrich, shows the brutal might of the Nazis as an organization, not as individuals, thus removing the fault from the shoulders of German people, and instead placing the blame completely on the Nazi party. The historical accuracy of the film, particularly the part where the assassins are not from Lidice, turns the villagers not into Martyrs, as in Sirk’s Hitler’s Madman, but into victims that are unjustly killed. The way in which Gemünden describes Brecht’s involvement and ideas about the film would suggest that Brecht did everything in his power to show that not everything in war is black and white, that there are shades of grey that most people live and die in. Brecht and Lang’s film Hangmen Also Die, seems to instead, be purely an anti-Nazi film. According to Gemünden, the anti-Nazi films of the 40’s were used as justifications for the American involvement in the war, a swarm of propaganda that painted Germans in an ugly light and conveyed the sense that all those still in Germany were comfortable with Hitler’s regime.

Exps 407 reflections mportfolio